Subthreshold Performance Improvement of Underlapped FinFET Using Workfunction Modulated Dual-metal Gate Technique

Silicon - Workfunction modulated dual material gate FinFET (WMDMG-FinFET) is proposed to improve the DC performance of the device. A dual metal gate FinFET with linear modulation in workfunction...     

Boundary formulations for sensitivities of three-dimensional stress invariants

The direct, singular, boundary element analysis (BEA) formulation has been shown to provide a basis for a computationally efficient and accurate shape structural design sensitivity analysis (DSA) approach for three-dimensional solid objects. Within the boundary element analysis context, the theoretical formulation for sensitivities of important stress-related quantities including principal and deviatoric stresses, von Mises, maximum shear, and other stress invariants are presented, both for the surface as well as the interior of a continuum structure. Numerical results are given to demonstrate the accuracy of this approach.     

Polyoxymethylene/ethylene butylacrylate copolymer/ethylene‐methyl acrylate‐glycidyl methacrylate ternary blends

Blends of compatibilized polyoxymethylene (POM)/ethylene butylacrylate copolymer (EBA)/ethylene‐methyl acrylate‐glycidyl methacrylate copolymer (EMA‐GMA) and uncompatibilized POM/EBA were investigated. The notched impact strength of the compatibilized blends was higher than that of their uncompatibilized counterparts. The toughness of the POM blends was improved obviously with relatively low loading of EBA. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of EMA‐GMA, pure POM, and POM/EBA/EMA‐GMA blends indicated that epoxy groups of EMA‐GMA reacted with terminal hydroxyl groups of POM molecular chains. The glass‐transition temperature (T_g) values of the POM matrix and the EBA phase were observed shifted to each other in the presence of EMA‐GMA compatibilizer indicating that the compatibilized blends had better compatibility than their uncompatibilized counterparts. With the addition of EBA to POM, both the compatibilized and uncompatibilized blends showed higher onset degradation temperature (T_d) than that of pure POM and the T_d values of the compatibilized blends were higher than those of their uncompatibilized counterparts. The scanning electron microscopy showed better EBA particles distribution state in the compatibilized system than in the uncompatibilized one. The compatibilized blend with an obvious rougher impact fracture surface indicated the ductile fracture mode. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 58:1127–1134, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers     

A Novel Efficient Heuristic Based Localization Paradigm in Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Personal Communications - Wireless sensor network (WSN) is applicable in all IoT applications, thus it has many advancements. However, it has many drawbacks like localization, link...     

Dynamically Driven Emergence in a Nanomagnetic System

Emergent behaviors occur when simple interactions between a system's constituent elements produce properties that the individual elements do not exhibit in isolation. This article reports tunable emergent behaviors observed in domain wall (DW) populations of arrays of interconnected magnetic ring-shaped nanowires under an applied rotating magnetic field. DWs interact stochastically at ring junctions to create mechanisms of DW population loss and gain. These combine to give a dynamic, field-dependent equilibrium DW population that is a robust and emergent property of the array, despite highly varied local magnetic configurations. The magnetic ring arrays’ properties (e.g., non-linear behavior, “fading memory” to changes in field, fabrication repeatability, and scalability) suggest they are an interesting candidate system for realizing reservoir computing (RC), a form of neuromorphic computing, in hardware. By way of example, simulations of ring arrays performing RC approaches 100% success in classifying spoken digits for single speakers.     

2D Materials Based on Main Group Element Compounds: Phases,Synthesis, Characterization,and Applications

2D materials based on main group element compounds have recently attracted significant attention because of their rich stoichiometric ratios and structure motifs. This review focuses on the phases in various 2D binary materials including III–VI, IV–VI, V–VI, III–V, IV–V, and V–V materials. Reducing 3D materials to 2D introduces confinement and surface effects as well as stabilizes unstable 3D phases in their 2D form. Their crystal structures, stability, preparation, and applications are summarized based on theoretical predictions and experimental explorations. Moreover, various properties of 2D materials, such as ferroelectric effect, anisotropic optical and electrical properties, ultralow thermal conductivity, and topological state are discussed. Finally, a few perspectives and an outlook are given to inspire readers toward exploring 2D materials with new phases and properties.     

Multispectral and joint colour-texture feature extraction for ore-gangue separation

Ore sorting is a useful tool to remove gangue material from the ore and increase the quality of the ore. The vast developments in the area of artificial intelligence allow fast processing of full color digital images for the preferred investigations. Three different approaches to color texture analysis were used for the classification of associated gangue from limestone and iron ore. All the methods were based on extensions of the co-occurrence matrix method. The first approach was a correlation method, in which co-occurrence matrices are computed both between and within the color bands. In the second approach, joint color-texture features, where color features were extracted from chrominance information and texture features were extracted from luminance information of the color bands. The last approach used grey scale texture features computed on a quantized color image. Results showed that the joint color-texture method was 98% accurate for limestone and 98.4% for iron ore gangue classification. It was further observed that the features showed better accuracy with 64 grey levels quantization.     

Boric acid recovery using polymer filtration: Studies with alkyl monool,diol, and triol containing polyethylenimines

Three water‐soluble polymers containing linear alkyl monool, 1,2‐diol, and 1,2,3‐triol groups, mostly on the primary amines of polyethylenimine, were synthesized, characterized, and tested for their ability to recover boric acid. The boron‐binding capacities of these polymers and the backbone polyethylenimine were determined by titration, ultrafiltration, and inductively coupled plasma/atomic emission spectroscopy analysis. At low boron concentrations, the 1,2,3‐triol polymer performed better than the 1,2‐diol, whereas at high boron concentrations, the 1,2‐diol outperformed the 1,2,3‐triol. ¹¹B‐NMR spectroscopy and retention studies with various salt concentrations indicated that boron interacted with these two polymers by means of ion pairing with the protonated amines and by borate ester formation. For the monool and the polyethylenimine backbone, the mechanism for boron binding was ion pairing only. These polymers are under consideration for the selective recovery and recycling of enriched boric acid used in the primary coolant loop of pressurized water nuclear reactors. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1590–1604, 2005     

Structure–property relationship of polyethylene glycol‐based PU/PAN semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks

Polyethylene glycol‐400 (PEG) based polyurethane (PU) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks (SIPNs) (PU/PAN; 90/10, 70/30, 60/40, and 50/50) have been prepared by sequential polymerization method. The prepared SIPNs have been characterized by physicomechanical properties. The microcrystalline parameters such as crystal size (〈N〉), lattice disorder (g), surface (D_s) and volume (D_v) weighted crystal size of SIPNs have been estimated using wide angle X‐ray scattering studies, and quantification of the polymer network has been carried out on the basis of these parameters. The microstructural parameters have been established using Exponential, Lognormal, and Reinhold asymmetric column length distribution functions and the results are compiled. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 177–187, 2006     

Remote induction of in situ hydrogelation in a deep tissue,using an alternating magnetic field and superparamagnetic nanoparticles

Nano Research - In situ hydrogelation systems, such as transdermal polymerization, allow for external control over the gelation processes in a minimally invasive way. Recently, a novel system...